Dubbing In Film, Video Games And Music

A Brief Synopsis On Dubbing

• When was the last time you had a long conversation with someone about dubbing?
• I’m talking about real dubbing, the process of providing films, video games, or other types of media with audio that’s different than the original language.
• Dubbing is a post-production process where the original language of recording is swapped with audio in a different language and is then mixed with the audio of the media to make it sound as natural as possible. It gets more complicated than that, but in a nutshell, that’s what dubbing is.
• Though not very common for Americans to hear in films, dubbed content is common in many other countries. For example, the majority of the world did not experience Avengers: Endgame this past spring in English; through the magic of dubbed content, allowed non-English speakers to get the full experience. Or us English-speakers, however, dubbing is still occasionally seen.  “Dark”, arguably Netflix’s hottest show at the moment, was originally recorded in German.
• Though there are some English subtitles for those who wish to experience the original performance (which we’ll also cover later on), the majority of people watch this show as a dubbed film. Even though it might seem rare, a huge portion of Americans who watch the show experienced it with English dubbing.

Dubbing vs. Subtitles vs. Voice-overs: What’s the Difference?

This is where it can get a little confusing. If you’re reading this and aren’t super sure what the difference is, we get it. On the surface, it can almost sound like voice-overs and dubbing are just different words for the same thing. They aren’t, and it helps to understand the differences.

The best way we can communicate the difference is that dubbing is much more immersive than a voice-over. A voice-over generally tends to be narrative by nature, it does not capture the original tones of the actors, and also does not sync up with the movements and mouths of the original characters.

A voice-over communicates the message, but usually not the emotion. Dubbing, however, replaces the original audio as accurately as possible in order to create an immersive experience. This process is sometimes also called Language Replacement. For movies, video games, and TV shows, this can be the best option for creating natural-sounding content, if available. But then again, not every pro can give you natural, so chose wisely.

Subtitling vs. Dubbing

Although there is certainly some confusion between voice-overs and dubbing, subtitling couldn’t be more different.

• Subtitling is the process of translating the audio into the target language and then having that translated text appear as subtitles on the bottom of the screen. If you’re a true movie purist and you’re watching a movie in another language, you’ll likely opt to watch the subtitled version rather than the dubbed version, and we don’t blame you.
• There’s something that simply doesn’t add up when lips & audio don’t seem to match. Subtitles allow the viewer to understand the foreign language, while at the same time preserving the original vocal intonations and performances of the actual actors rather than some voice actors recorded in a studio.
• Whereas dubbing changes the original audio and voice, subtitling simply allows for the understanding the message without compromising the original audio. That’s not to say that dubbing doesn’t come in handy, though!
• If the dubbing voice actors are talented, it is often much easier to watch a movie or play a video game without having to read each and every subtitle.
• But this can be tricky to get.

Dubbing in Different Media

Dubbing shows up all the time in our video games, movies, and music. Sometimes, more often than you’d expect. Here is when you quickly realize there are more uses for dubbing than you may think at first, especially in our globalized world. People want organic, they want natural, they want a message to be effectively and seamlessly sent across the globe. This means that subtitling is good, voice-overs are better, but dubbing is the crème of the crop.

Dubbing in Films and Movies

When we think of dubbed movies, the first thing that usually comes to mind is the idea of Language Replacement. However, in film language, things can get a bit more specific. The term dubbing actually refers to the process in which filmmakers and editors take additional audio recordings and then, mix them into the original soundtrack to create the final, polished soundtrack that you hear in the movie. A bit different, but overall, the same intention.

Dubbing in Music

Just like with films, dubbing means something different altogether in the whimsical terminology of music. In music, this process is when you transfer or duplicate a song. The song in question can be transferred to a different medium or the same one, but the point is that the song is copied over.

Dubbing in Video Games

Though dubbing in music and films takes on a very different meaning than it does normally, video games break the mold. In video games, it works pretty similarly as we’ve explained above: you replace part of the original language with voice actors in a new language.There is a lot of discussion over whether subtitling or dubbing (also known as the “subs vs dubs” debate) is the best choice for video games, and you can find raging fan bases that will back up whichever position.

How Dubbing Works

Before we get into technicalities, it’s critical to know that there are a few different methods that are used to dub content. Ranging from Looping to ADR to voiceovers, it can get confusing pretty quickly. Fortunately, we’re here to help you understand the different techniques used for all kinds of dubbed media and what they aim to do.

What Are the Different Kinds of Dubbing?

Not all dubbing is created equal. Here are the main differences between them.

1. Voice-over
   • We’ve talked about the differences between voice-overs and what is typically considered dubbing, but technically speaking, voice-overs are a type of dubbed work.
   • You’ll generally see these in interviews or non-narrative media. Since the voice-over primarily exists to communicate the overall message, and not necessarily to immerse or to create an illusion that the speaker is actually saying the dubbed words.
2. Looping or ADR
   • Generally conserved for extremely expensive feature films, looping, also known as ADR looping, is likely the most difficult and time-consuming method of dubbing.
   • For ADR, you’ll need Automatic Dialogue Replacement (ADR) equipment, and it can get pretty expensive. But through looping, (the process of essentially looping short phrases of narration at a time and syncing it perfectly), will result in the best-finished product according to many filmmakers.
3. Lock-to-Picture Recording
   • This is a more affordable alternative to ADR, and the process is also slightly different. Basically, professional voice actors watch the film or media and try to translate and replicate the original performance as best as possible. This means that instead of expensive equipment, you rely on talented professionals. Making this a very effective method of creating dubbed media.
4. Lectoring
   • Similar to some of the other dubbing techniques, lectoring is when the original audio volume is lowered while the voice-over recording is played louder.
   • You might have seen this, especially when covering international news cycles. The recording is then synced to make sure that it matches the duration of the original audio, and voilá!

The Dubbing Process

1. Script translation
   • First, your script will need to be accurately translated to prepare for dubbing. This should, of course, be done by a pro.
2. Voice casting
   • Then, you will need to cast voice actors to complete the dubbing process. Keep in mind that choosing the right voice actors is crucial to making sure your content is as high-quality and as natural as possible.
   • Aim to get experienced voice actors, with positive ratings or quality control assurance as this can be tricky.
3. Voice actor recording
   • Once the script has been translated and the voice actors cast, the recording process must start. This process can be different depending on which dubbing technique you decide to use. But overall, a recording must be done.
4. Dialogue mixing
   • Here is when the editing gurus must jump in. It’s time to start mixing the dialogue in order to help it fit seamlessly with the content. The less apparent, the better.
5. Release
   • Once all these steps are completed, you’ll be ready to release your dubbed project – congratulations! The release can have its own technicalities and implementations, but this will differ from project to project and medium to medium. And you’re done!

Which Should I Choose?

From subtitling to dubbing, ADR to lectoring, and video games to films, it can all be overwhelming at first, we know. That said, it’s worth taking the time to decide what will be the best fit for your project. A large part of deciding which route to take will depend on your budget and time constraints; it’s great to get these defined before you start exploring your potential options.

Recommendations

• If you are interested in immersion and have a low budget, subtitling may be the way to go.
• On the flip side, projects with more of a focus on ease of understanding and fluid use could be better suited for proper dubbing.
• Whichever route you choose, you can never go wrong with transforming your content to different languages or styles depending on your market and their needs. You’ll expand your audience, and get your content out to entirely different groups of people.
• Remember, communication is in the middle of it all. And your ultimate goal is to get your message across.

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